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Modern World History 5.4: War Begins 4236 Views
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Description:
After the Franz Ferdinand and his wife, Sophie, were assassinated, everyone pretty much jumped on the war bandwagon.
Transcript
- 00:00
we've spent the last 40 years or at least that's what it feels like
- 00:06
watching Europe inch closer and closer to war. now all of the alliances and [map of Europe shown]
- 00:12
ethnic tensions and land grabbing and growing militaries have brought us here.
- 00:16
to the summer of 1914. so people hang on to your hats things are about to get
- 00:22
hairy. world war 1 began as lots of people predicted would in the Balkans. as
Full Transcript
- 00:28
we've mentioned in previous lessons Serbia kept getting its wings clipped. [map of Serbia with wings]
- 00:32
all it wanted was to create an empire of Slavic peoples and yet
- 00:36
austria-hungary kept stepping in and mucking around with Albania and Bosnia
- 00:40
and Herzegovina. the Serbians were peeved. but they weren't the only folks in the
- 00:46
Balkans who were upset over Austria Hungary's actions. the Bosnians were [men with swords drawn]
- 00:51
annoyed too because they were Slavs and wanted to be a part of Serbia's Slavic
- 00:55
dream team. and so as people sometimes do when they live in repressive countries
- 01:00
and are mad well some Bosnians became terrorists. this Bosnian terrorists
- 01:05
attacked organization was called the black hand. the goal of the hands [hand written letter shown]
- 01:10
involved in the black hand was to bring all the Slavs together into one country,
- 01:15
and what better way to do that than to assassinate the heir to the
- 01:18
austro-hungarian throne. that's right On June 28 1914 Archduke Franz Ferdinand
- 01:24
and his wife Sophie were visiting Sarajevo, the capital city of bosnia and
- 01:28
Herzegovina. after avoiding a bomb meant for them the car containing the Archduke [newspaper article about the assignation]
- 01:33
and his wife got caught in a traffic jam while a terrorist named Gavrilo Princip
- 01:38
who happened to be enjoying a coffee at a nearby cafe took this as a sign that
- 01:43
it was his moment to step up and commit a couple of murders, which he did. with
- 01:49
dear Franz dead the austro-hungarians came looking for blood. well on July 23rd
- 01:54
austria-hungary ordered Serbia to give its officials full access to the
- 01:58
investigation of the assassinations as well as the authority to prosecute any
- 02:02
and all Serbians who'd been in on the plot. well Serbia said ok to all of [list shown]
- 02:06
austria-hungary's demands except one there would be no austro-hungarian
- 02:11
prosecutions Serbians. ooh wrong answer Serbia. five
- 02:16
days later austria-hungary cried havoc and let slip the dogs of war. a conflict
- 02:21
between Serbia and austria-hungary was all it took to fire up the old alliances. [drawing featuring a stewing pot labeled "Balkan Troubles"]
- 02:25
Russia and France quickly mobilized against Germany and Austria-Hungary.
- 02:29
Germany declared war on France on August 1st 1914. Britain declared war on Germany
- 02:34
three days. later the Ottoman Empire tried to stay out of the whole mess but [headlines "England declares war on Germany"]
- 02:38
got pulled in on November 5th. well by the end of 1914 we had the Central
- 02:43
Powers of Germany austria-hungary and the Ottoman Empire on one side with
- 02:48
Bulgaria clamoring to join the team. on the other side were the Allied powers of
- 02:52
Britain and its Commonwealth countries along with France and Russia. well
- 02:56
eventually Italy the United States and Japan would get in on the action too. [various flags pictured]
- 03:00
so folks there's clearly a lesson to be learned here.
- 03:05
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