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AP Chemistry 1.5 Rearrangements and Reorganization of Atoms 6 Views


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AP Chemistry 1.5 Rearrangements and Reorganization of Atoms. What is the total volume of gas formed at STP from the decomposition of 1.0 mole od ammonium nitrate, NH 4 NO 3 , with the help of a catalyst?

Language:
English Language

Transcript

00:03

Here’s your Shmoop du jour, brought to you by decomposition, like when you burn your [Banana going rotten]

00:09

lab notes at the end of the year. [Kid burning his notebook]

00:12

Here’s today’s question:

00:14

What is the total volume of gas formed at STP from the decomposition of 1.0 mole of

00:19

ammonium nitrate, NH4NO3, with the help of a catalyst?

00:24

The reaction is as shown on the screen. [The formula appears]

00:28

And here are your potential answers: Wait?

00:31

Catalyst?

00:32

Where’s the catalyst? [Cat holding a piece of paper that says list]

00:34

Why would they mention a catalyst and not give us any information about the catalyst? [Scientist picking up different coloured liquids looking confused]

00:38

Or, well, it’s a trick question.

00:41

The catalyst, or lack thereof, doesn’t affect the answer at all people. [Catalyst looking unhappy]

00:44

A catalyst just speeds up a reaction by lowering the activation energy.

00:49

It doesn’t change the extent of the reaction.

00:52

That uncool distraction aside, what the question is really asking is how much gas stuff is [Gas coming out of a flask]

00:57

formed in the reaction. [The flask looks embarrassed]

00:59

Anytime you’re asked how much stuff there is, your immediate thought should be “what

01:02

is that in moles?” [A mole lying on a scale]

01:04

And then your next thought should be, “when’s lunch?” [Guy holds his rumbling stomach]

01:07

So how many moles of gas are formed in the reaction?

01:10

We know from the equation that for every 2 moles of ammonium nitrate we put in, we get

01:14

2 moles of nitrogen gas and 1 mole of oxygen gas out. [The products are highlighted]

01:18

We don’t care about the water because it’s a liquid, and the question is all about gas. [Water looks sad and the gas looks happy]

01:22

So since we’re only putting 1 mole of ammonium nitrate in, we’ll get half of what we would

01:27

from 2 moles, which means 1 mole of nitrogen gas and 0.5 moles oxygen gas for a total of

01:34

1.5 moles of gas.

01:37

But put on the brakes, we’re not done yet. [Car brakes quickly]

01:38

The question asked for volume.

01:40

So how are we going to figure out volume if we can’t just pick up the remote and change [Woman shaking a flask at the TV]

01:44

it?

01:45

Well, the question specified that the conditions are “STP.”

01:48

Unfortunately, that doesn’t stand for “super tiny puppy.” [A puppy small enough to fit in the palm of a hand]

01:52

STP is Standard Temperature and Pressure.

01:55

You should know going into your test that one mole of gas occupies 22.4 liters at STP.

02:01

So we multiply 22.4 by the 1.5 moles of gas we have to get 33.6 Liters of gas.

02:08

Which is actually 34 because of the whole weird science magic of significant figures. [Guy holding a book of significant figures and smiling]

02:12

We don’t even have time to get into that right now.

02:14

So that means that D is the correct answer.

02:17

Now where was that remote? [Woman finds the TV remote]

02:19

We heard the super tiny puppy bowl was on. [Tiny puppies playing football]

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