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Science 4: Water Cycle
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Science 4: Types of Maps
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Science 4: Energy and Motion in Review 91 Views


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Description:

Unit review time! Well, geez. Don't everybody don your party hats and blow into your noisemakers at once.

Language:
English Language

Transcript

00:03

[Dino and Coop singing]

00:12

So by now, your head is probably chock-full of energy and motion facts. [Boys head opens and text books jump onto his brain]

00:17

In fact, it's probably getting a little hard to remember all of the facts we've crammed [Plunger cramming the books into the boys head]

00:21

into our brains.

00:22

So just in case you've lost any along the way, let's sit back, relax, and do a unit review. [Boy sat on a beach, then a laptop appears]

00:27

…Is that not how you usually relax? [Coop appears on the laptop]

00:29

Well, whatever!

00:30

Today it is!

00:31

Now without further ado... [Curtains reveal 'Unit Review']

00:35

….the unit review!

00:36

We'll start with energy. [Dino pointing at a blackboard]

00:38

As we know, energy is the ability of an object to do work…

00:41

…whether that's the kinetic energy of a moving ball… [Kid running away from a big ball]

00:44

…the electric energy that runs through electrical wires… [Engineer up a telegraph pole]

00:47

…or even the nuclear energy that keeps nuclear power plants going. [A nuclear power plant]

00:51

And of course, these kinds of energy are very different…

00:53

…so you don't need to wear a hazmat suit to throw a ball around with your friends… [Two people in hazmat suits chucking a ball of toxic waste]

00:57

…unless you're playing a really intense game of catch….

01:01

One very important general form of energy is potential energy, which refers to the energy [Coop pointing at a blackboard]

01:05

possessed by an object.

01:07

There are lots of forms of potential energy, like the elastic energy stored in a bow that's [Guy pulls back a bow at an archery range]

01:11

drawn tight…

01:12

…or the chemical energy stored in all of the food we eat… [Guy eats a burger]

01:15

…or the gravitational energy in a roller coaster just before it's about to slide down [Roller coaster going up a steep climb]

01:19

and make us scream our heads off.

01:21

Which is one of the best kinds of potential energy.

01:24

Oh, and word to the wise?

01:25

We don't recommend mixing roller coasters with archery and eating, no matter how much [Man on a roller coaster eating a burger and using a bow]

01:29

potential energy gets released in the process.

01:31

We also learned about energy transfer, aka how different forms of energy can transform

01:37

into new kinds.

01:38

For instance, when coal is burned, chemical energy becomes heat energy… [Coal burning]

01:42

…which turns water into steam, making kinetic energy… [Steam appears]

01:45

…which moves turbines, making more kinetic energy…

01:48

…which turns a generator, transforming this kinetic energy into electric energy… [Sparks come from the generator]

01:53

…which gets sent by wires all the way to your house to produce light energy. [Person sat by a light reading a book]

01:58

And sure, you could just read by the light of the burning coal, but where's the fun in

02:02

that?

02:03

Another concept that came up was force: may it be with you. [Yoda next to a blackboard]

02:06

But outside of the Star Wars universe, force refers to a push or pull on an object.

02:10

This definition is pretty important in understanding Newton's three laws of motion. [Newton holding up his laws]

02:15

And since this is a review video, let's review what those are…

02:18

One: unless it's acted on by a force, an object will either not move at all…

02:22

…or continue moving at a constant velocity. [A wheel that is stopped and a wheel that is rolling]

02:25

Two: the total of all the forces on an object is equal to its mass times its acceleration. [Wheel on a scale and a car driving]

02:31

And last but not least, three: if one body applies a force to a second…

02:36

…that second body will exert a force of equal magnitude and opposite direction on

02:40

the first.

02:41

Sure, they're not as legally binding as traffic laws, but they're pretty much impossible to [Policeman stood by a stop sign]

02:45

break.

02:46

The universe is slightly more powerful than a traffic cop. [The wheel runs into the traffic cop]

02:49

Next on our review list?

02:50

The concept of friction, which is when two objects rub against each other, causing the

02:54

objects to slow down.

02:55

So when you see a ball rolling to a stop, you're not seeing some sort of miraculous [Basketball stops rolling]

02:59

violation of Newton's first law.

03:01

You're just seeing friction!

03:02

The rubbing of the ball against the street exerts a force in the opposite direction of

03:06

the ball's movement, which gradually slows the ball down. [Football slowly comes to rest]

03:10

Unless you're still playing with that radioactive ball….then it might just burn a hole through [The radioactive ball melts into the floor]

03:14

the asphalt, or something…

03:15

And last but not least, we also learned the difference between mass and weight.

03:19

An object's mass is the quantity of matter it contains… [A block is shown with mass 100kg]

03:22

…while its weight is the force exerted on it by gravity.

03:25

That means if you go somewhere with a different gravitational pull, like the moon, your mass [The block on the moon]

03:29

will remain the same, but your weight will change.

03:32

Although traveling to space might be just a little bit more pricey than a gym membership… [Woman wearing a space hat holding dumbbells]

03:36

Tah-dah!

03:37

Review completed. [Guy in a hazmat suit appears on the great wall of China]

03:38

Now go do something fun!

03:39

Play catch, or something.

03:40

…Man, you're really into the whole "radioactive catch" thing, aren't you…? [Radioactive balls hits the other hazmat guy and knocks him over]

03:44

You do you.

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