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Let's imagine we're Paleolithic humans, we're traveling

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around with our posse of cave homies killing stuff sleeping in caves rocking [Group of cavemen]

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that whole you know Paleolithic lifestyle oh and following the [Cavemen sleeping]

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Paleo diet obviously. Well back in those days humans spent

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all their energy chasing down animals gathering nuts and berries and building [Man chucks a spear at a boar and misses]

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fires yep we have to spend energy to get energy but with all that going on how

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does a cave homie managed to invent agriculture or build Stonehenge or [Cavemen plowing a field]

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construct a giant pyramid or you know create an entire elaborate civilization

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where does a cave homie find the time and the energy well here's the thing it [Caveman at a McDonalds drive-thru]

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wasn't about working harder it was all about working smarter well here are some [Caveman chops a boulder in half with a lightsaber]

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strategies that early humans used to make their energy go further alright well [Teacher in a classroom]

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first there were tools and by tools we mean lumps of rock not all that impressive [Cavemen with modern tools, then the modern tools disappear]

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but hey, better than nothing while early tools helped make human muscle power go

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further by getting work done more efficiently the first human who figured [Caveman chopping logs with an axe]

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out that sharpening a rock and sticking it into an animal was a great start for

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barbecue he was definitely the most popular caveman around historical fact [Cavemen BBQing a mammoth]

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well fire was also a lifesaver for early humans literally early human beings [Caveman lights a fire and looks shocked]

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unlocked some of the sun's energy by burning wood creating essential light

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and heat and once they got a taste of fire while they couldn't stop well not

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literally they watched Grunk, they learned from his mistakes so fire good eating [Grunk jumps into a lake because his hair is on fire]

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fire bad. Well early humans also had simple machines these are different from [Pulley wheel turning]

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tools tools are basic things like you know hammers and axes we hit things with

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tools sometimes we hit other with them not a good idea and yeah as a species we're [Cavemen hitting each other with tools]

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not always that chill well point is that simple machines are more complex than [Cavemen having a disco party]

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tools they change the amount of energy we need to get something done we're

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talking about the lever like this and the pulley here the ramp, the wheel

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and axle and the wedge well think pyramids can be built without simple

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machines? Oh think again of course some people think the building of the [Caveman using a pulley]

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pyramids required UFOs not just a slave hebrew but those people are probably

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simpler than simple machines...

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