Long-Term Debt To Capitalization Ratio

  

Categories: Bonds, Credit

See: Capitalization Rate.

It’s just a metric. It kinda speaks to the financial solvency of the company, in that there will be an easily deducible interest rate from that debt. The capitalization of the company usually refers to the balance sheet line Shareholders Equity, or something like that.

It can also refer to the market capitalization of the company. Like…say a company has $100 million in debt and 50 million shares outstanding, and the company’s shares trade today for $40 each. The company then has a $2 billion market capitalization at this moment, and the notion of paying off $100 million is pretty easy, right? That total debt is only 1/20th of the total market cap of the company. If they had to sell 5% of their equity to raise cash and be completely debt-free, it likely wouldn’t be all that hard.

And yes, you can imagine the opposite scenarios. They get ugly. So you generally want your long-term debt to cap ratios to be…small. Like your level of solvency worry before you go to bed.

Related or Semi-related Video

Finance: What is Capitalization Rate?3 Views

00:00

Finance allah shmoop what is capitalization rate Or cap rate

00:09

and know it has nothing to do with the percentage

00:11

of people wearing hats Cabaret is a pricing tool in

00:15

the sale of commercial real estate Specifically it is calculated

00:19

as net operating income divided by the property value Essentially

00:23

kappa rate is like a price to earnings ratio or

00:26

multiple but just applied to the unique foibles peculiar to

00:30

real estate It doesn't necessarily apply to say a silicon

00:33

valley software company Totally different metrics there like if a

00:36

seller has a building that produces three hundred grand a

00:38

year in n O I and they're asking for a

00:41

five percent cap rate well it means that they're asking

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for six million bucks to sell you the building That

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five percent figure is like asking for twenty times and

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earnings like number in anna why they're in real estate

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land In essence this five percent figure implies the rate

00:58

of return that the buyer of the building would get

01:00

if they invested in everything else was held steady State

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like clients didn't leave a renter's didn't leave and pricing

01:08

of rent didn't change And taxes and operations and maintenance

01:11

and all your stuff didn't change And so on And

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the twenty times number that we just got there without

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was by dividing one hundred percent by five percent in

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that twenty So yeah no mystery here Anyway the figure

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here leaves out a ton of things Obviously things like

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how fully occupied the building is when you buy it

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and whether the building can or could or would be

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fully occupied versus some number less than they'll say that

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one hundred percent theoretical maximum occupancy today It also leaves

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out how much in upgrades and maintenance stuff the building

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needs at the diversity of its tenants I eat If

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the owner of the building's relying on one tenant to

01:47

rent the entire building it's really risky Or if it's

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on one industry well it's really risky Versus having lots

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of different tenants in different areas of one industry dies

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or one company dies is not the end of the

01:59

lease situation for the building And it also depends on

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the length of tenant lease is already in place in

02:05

the building Like if all the leases come up or

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are finished in three months well you may have a

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problem you may have you know eighty two units or

02:13

however big the building is too suddenly rent and it's

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good odds and the building stays empty for a while

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Italy certainly not one hundred percent capacity okay and also

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matters a ton in the pricing of a building whether

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the overall area like geographic area is appreciating in value

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and that rents khun b raised steadily for a long

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time or not Yeah chernobyl is a hot real estate

02:35

market but you know different kind of heat And note

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The kappa rates are kind of an inverse bond ish

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calculation That is when kappa rates are high It means

02:45

that the y multiple is low like an eight point

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two percent cabaret implies a roughly twelve times in a

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y price on the building A cap a rate of

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twenty percent implies on ly a five x multiple I'ii

02:57

something is very very wrong with the building like it's

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losing it Zoning rights or needs t remove the s

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bestest in the roof Anyway the bigger the better idea

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here is that commercial real estate investors use better models

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than just this cabaret thing They also used discounted cash

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flow analysis to calculate the value of a building which

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totals the risk adjusted future stream of cash profits to

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the investors when they risk their own capital In buying

03:24

the building that figure has to take into account the

03:27

risk free rate iii the u S Government bond rates

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and then it adds risk or risk premium to those

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rates So if safe bonds are yielding three and a

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half percent today the added risk of buying that building

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might add another four percent a year in needed returns

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Such a cap rate needs to be at least seven

03:43

and a half percent for the buying of the building

03:46

Teo even make sense many many complications here So for

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the sake of clarity let's start with a better definition

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of eno iron net operating income You own this building

03:54

It has one hundred offices all the same size which

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rent for ten grand a year each or rather one

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hundred percent aki given See here you have a theoretical

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maximum of a million dollars a year in rental income

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but today you're only an eighty percent capacity so you're

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only getting eight hundred grand and you have expenses Insurance

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Fifty grand janitorial service thirty grand heat water gas horning

04:16

ran real estate taxes forty five grand and other service

04:19

See things like fixing crap and mopping up goop on

04:23

the ground when someone bet wrong on the stock market

04:25

and uh you know pays their debts a different way

04:28

you know twenty five grand So then on eight hundred

04:30

grand in revenues the building has one hundred seventy k

04:32

year in operating expenses so that's eight hundred minus one

04:36

seventy That's six hundred thirty grand in profits And we're

04:39

done right No Why Well because almost all of real

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estate carrie's dead often lots of debt In any rational

04:46

wall street investment you'd include cash and debt on the

04:50

balance sheet That part of the valuation methodology here right

04:53

But why wouldn't you in real estate Well because the

04:55

depth of pockets varies so much among fires some will

04:59

pay all cash and then refinanced the optimized tax deductions

05:02

on their own Others will just assume debt already in

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place on the existing building like they'll just take over

05:08

the payments to that bank that's already made alone So

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in order to not cloud the value of the operating

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cash flows of the building most real estate Investors use

05:17

cap rates just to figure out the operating part and

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then they add in and back out the dead and

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interest on that debt and other investor related costs subsequently

05:26

Yeah so yeah that's capitalization rate which in tax written

05:30

by a thirteen year old yeah is nearly always zero 00:05:33.705 --> [endTime] percent

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